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This podcast is focused on economics, finance and public policy, with a common thread to exploring some of the ideas of the late economist Milton Friedman titled after his 1962 book ”Capitalism and Freedom”.
Episodes
Friday Jan 10, 2025
Friday Jan 10, 2025
Jon Hartley and David Beckworth discuss David’s career, monetary policy, the history of Nominal GDP targeting as an idea along with its benefits and challenges, the history of inflation targeting along with its recent evolution, the Fed’s recent framework reviews, as well as corridor (scarce reserves) versus floor (ample reserves) systems.
Recorded on January 7, 2025.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS:
David Beckworth is a senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University and director of the Mercatus Center’s monetary policy program. His primary research focuses on the targets, tools, operating system, and governance of the Federal Reserve, and has included work on the US Treasury market, the safe asset shortage, and dollar dominance. He has advised congressional staffers and Fed officials on monetary policy and has been cited by the Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, New York Times, Bloomberg Businessweek, and the Economist.
Beckworth is also the host of Macro Musings, a weekly podcast on macroeconomics, where, since 2016, he has interviewed hundreds of experts, including regional presidents of the Federal Reserve, Nobel laureates, and leading academics from around the world. He is the author of Boom and Bust Banking: The Causes and Cures of the Great Recession (Independent Institute, 2012). Formerly an international economist at the US Department of the Treasury, he earned his PhD in economics from the University of Georgia.
Follow David Beckworth on X: DavidBeckworth
Jon Hartley is the host of the Capitalism and Freedom in the 21st Century Podcast at the Hoover Institution and an economics PhD Candidate at Stanford University, where he specializes in finance, labor economics, and macroeconomics. He is also currently an Affiliated Scholar at the Mercatus Center, a Senior Fellow at the Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity (FREOPP), and a Senior Fellow at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute. Jon is also a member of the Canadian Group of Economists, and serves as chair of the Economic Club of Miami.
Jon has previously worked at Goldman Sachs Asset Management as well as in various policy roles at the World Bank, IMF, Committee on Capital Markets Regulation, US Congress Joint Economic Committee, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and the Bank of Canada.
Jon has also been a regular economics contributor for National Review Online, Forbes, and The Huffington Post and has contributed to The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Globe and Mail, National Post, and Toronto Star among other outlets. Jon has also appeared on CNBC, Fox Business, Fox News, Bloomberg, and NBC, and was named to the 2017 Forbes 30 Under 30 Law & Policy list, the 2017 Wharton 40 Under 40 list, and was previously a World Economic Forum Global Shaper.
ABOUT THE SERIES:
Each episode of Capitalism and Freedom in the 21st Century, a video podcast series and the official podcast of the Hoover Economic Policy Working Group, focuses on getting into the weeds of economics, finance, and public policy on important current topics through one-on-one interviews. Host Jon Hartley asks guests about their main ideas and contributions to academic research and policy. The podcast is titled after Milton Friedman‘s famous 1962 bestselling book Capitalism and Freedom, which after 60 years, remains prescient from its focus on various topics which are now at the forefront of economic debates, such as monetary policy and inflation, fiscal policy, occupational licensing, education vouchers, income share agreements, the distribution of income, and negative income taxes, among many other topics.
For more information, visit: capitalismandfreedom.substack.com/
Thursday Dec 19, 2024
Thursday Dec 19, 2024
Jon Hartley and Myron Scholes discuss Myron’s career, including being at the University of Chicago at the dawn of financial economics as a field, how Myron met Fischer Black, and the development of the Black-Scholes option pricing model, investing, innovation, and financial regulation.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS:
Myron Scholes is the Frank E. Buck Professor of Finance, Emeritus, at the Stanford Graduate School of Business, Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences, and co-originator of the Black-Scholes options pricing model. Scholes was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1997 for his new method of determining the value of derivatives. Scholes is currently the chairman of the board of economic advisers of Stamos Partners. Previously, he served as the chairman of Platinum Grove Asset Management and on the Dimensional Fund Advisors board of directors, American Century Mutual Fund board of directors, and the Cutwater advisory board. He was a principal and limited partner at Long-Term Capital Management, L.P., and a managing director at Salomon Brothers. Other positions Scholes held include the Edward Eagle Brown Professor of Finance at the University of Chicago, senior research fellow at the Hoover Institution, director of the Center for Research in Security Prices, and professor of Finance at MIT’s Sloan School of Management. Scholes earned his PhD at the University of Chicago.
Jon Hartley is the host of the Capitalism and Freedom in the 21st Century Podcast at the Hoover Institution and an economics PhD Candidate at Stanford University, where he specializes in finance, labor economics, and macroeconomics. He is also currently an Affiliated Scholar at the Mercatus Center, a Senior Fellow at the Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity (FREOPP), and a Senior Fellow at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute. Jon is also a member of the Canadian Group of Economists, and serves as chair of the Economic Club of Miami.
Jon has previously worked at Goldman Sachs Asset Management as well as in various policy roles at the World Bank, IMF, Committee on Capital Markets Regulation, US Congress Joint Economic Committee, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and the Bank of Canada.
Jon has also been a regular economics contributor for National Review Online, Forbes, and The Huffington Post and has contributed to The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Globe and Mail, National Post, and Toronto Star among other outlets. Jon has also appeared on CNBC, Fox Business, Fox News, Bloomberg, and NBC, and was named to the 2017 Forbes 30 Under 30 Law & Policy list, the 2017 Wharton 40 Under 40 list, and was previously a World Economic Forum Global Shaper.
ABOUT THE SERIES:
Each episode of Capitalism and Freedom in the 21st Century, a video podcast series and the official podcast of the Hoover Economic Policy Working Group, focuses on getting into the weeds of economics, finance, and public policy on important current topics through one-on-one interviews. Host Jon Hartley asks guests about their main ideas and contributions to academic research and policy. The podcast is titled after Milton Friedman‘s famous 1962 bestselling book Capitalism and Freedom, which after 60 years, remains prescient from its focus on various topics which are now at the forefront of economic debates, such as monetary policy and inflation, fiscal policy, occupational licensing, education vouchers, income share agreements, the distribution of income, and negative income taxes, among many other topics.
For more information, visit: capitalismandfreedom.substack.com/
Tuesday Dec 10, 2024
Tuesday Dec 10, 2024
Jon Hartley and Brad Gerstner discuss Brad’s career, free markets, investing in technology, industrial policy, the CHIPS and Science Act, and baby equity investment accounts.
Recorded on November 1, 2024.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS:
Brad Gerstneris the founder and CEO of Altimeter Capital, a tech investment firm based in Silicon Valley, that manages both public and VC investment portfolios. Started in 2008, Altimeter manages over $15bn of investments across its public equity fund and venture capital funds. Brad is also the founder of Invest America, a non-profit that is spearheading research into the creation of private investment accounts for the 3.7 million children born each year in America, unlocking economic mobility for the next generation. Born in Indiana, he studied at Wabash College, Oxford University, Indiana University School of Law and Harvard Business School. He practiced securities law and served a term as Indiana deputy secretary of state before returning to HBS.
Jon Hartley is a Research Assistant at the Hoover Institution and an economics PhD Candidate at Stanford University, where he specializes in finance, labor economics, and macroeconomics. He is also currently a Research Fellow at the Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity (FREOPP) and a Senior Fellow at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute. Jon is also a member of the Canadian Group of Economists, and serves as chair of the Economic Club of Miami.
Jon has previously worked at Goldman Sachs Asset Management as well as in various policy roles at the World Bank, IMF, Committee on Capital Markets Regulation, US Congress Joint Economic Committee, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and the Bank of Canada.
Jon has also been a regular economics contributor for National Review Online, Forbes, and The Huffington Post and has contributed to The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Globe and Mail, National Post, and Toronto Star among other outlets. Jon has also appeared on CNBC, Fox Business, Fox News, Bloomberg, and NBC, and was named to the 2017 Forbes 30 Under 30 Law & Policy list, the 2017 Wharton 40 Under 40 list, and was previously a World Economic Forum Global Shaper.
ABOUT THE SERIES:
Each episode of Capitalism and Freedom in the 21st Century, a video podcast series and the official podcast of the Hoover Economic Policy Working Group, focuses on getting into the weeds of economics, finance, and public policy on important current topics through one-on-one interviews. Host Jon Hartley asks guests about their main ideas and contributions to academic research and policy. The podcast is titled after Milton Friedman‘s famous 1962 bestselling book Capitalism and Freedom, which after 60 years, remains prescient from its focus on various topics which are now at the forefront of economic debates, such as monetary policy and inflation, fiscal policy, occupational licensing, education vouchers, income share agreements, the distribution of income, and negative income taxes, among many other topics.
For more information, visit: capitalismandfreedom.substack.com/
Monday Nov 25, 2024
Monday Nov 25, 2024
Jon Hartley and James Bullard discuss Bullard’s career in monetary policy, the history of the St. Louis Fed, serving on the FOMC during the Bernanke, Yellen and Powell Feds, inflation targeting, forward guidance, macroeconomic modeling, as well as how the Fed responded to the Great Recession, COVID-19, and the early 2020s inflation.
Recorded on November 4, 2024.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS:
James “Jim” Bullard is a macroeconomist and was president of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis from 2008-2023. In 2023, he became the inaugural dean of the reimagined Mitchell E. Daniels, Jr. School of Business at Purdue University. He also serves as special advisor to the president of the university, reporting to President Mung Chiang in that capacity. Bullard is also a distinguished professor of service and professor of economics in the Daniels School.
Before becoming president, Bullard served in various roles at the St. Louis Fed, starting in 1990 as an economist in the research division and later serving as vice president and deputy director of research for monetary analysis.
Born in Wisconsin, Bullard grew up in Forest Lake, Minnesota, and received his doctorate in economics from Indiana University in Bloomington. He holds Bachelor of Science degrees in economics and in quantitative methods and information systems from St. Cloud State University in St. Cloud, Minnesota.
Jon Hartley is a Research Assistant at the Hoover Institution and an economics PhD Candidate at Stanford University, where he specializes in finance, labor economics, and macroeconomics. He is also currently a Research Fellow at the Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity (FREOPP) and a Senior Fellow at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute. Jon is also a member of the Canadian Group of Economists, and serves as chair of the Economic Club of Miami.
Jon has previously worked at Goldman Sachs Asset Management as well as in various policy roles at the World Bank, IMF, Committee on Capital Markets Regulation, US Congress Joint Economic Committee, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and the Bank of Canada.
Jon has also been a regular economics contributor for National Review Online, Forbes, and The Huffington Post and has contributed to The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Globe and Mail, National Post, and Toronto Star among other outlets. Jon has also appeared on CNBC, Fox Business, Fox News, Bloomberg, and NBC, and was named to the 2017 Forbes 30 Under 30 Law & Policy list, the 2017 Wharton 40 Under 40 list, and was previously a World Economic Forum Global Shaper.
ABOUT THE SERIES:
Each episode of Capitalism and Freedom in the 21st Century, a video podcast series and the official podcast of the Hoover Economic Policy Working Group, focuses on getting into the weeds of economics, finance, and public policy on important current topics through one-on-one interviews. Host Jon Hartley asks guests about their main ideas and contributions to academic research and policy. The podcast is titled after Milton Friedman‘s famous 1962 bestselling book Capitalism and Freedom, which after 60 years, remains prescient from its focus on various topics which are now at the forefront of economic debates, such as monetary policy and inflation, fiscal policy, occupational licensing, education vouchers, income share agreements, the distribution of income, and negative income taxes, among many other topics.
For more information, visit: capitalismandfreedom.substack.com/
Wednesday Nov 13, 2024
Wednesday Nov 13, 2024
Jon Hartley and Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde discuss Jesus’s career, schools of economic thought and the role of institutions in economic history, economic growth (including recent declining GDP growth rates and declining fertility), business cycles, drivers of the early 2020s inflation, dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) and vector autoregressive (VAR) models, schools of economic thought and the role of institutions in economic history.
Recorded on November 1, 2024.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS:
Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde is a Professor of Economics at the University of Pennsylvania, director of the Penn Institute for the Study of Markets (PISM), a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER_, and Research Affiliate of the Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR). He has also been a visiting Professor at Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Oxford, and Cambridge and a visiting scholar at several Federal Reserve Banks, the European Central Bank, and the Bank of Spain. His research agenda focuses on economic history, macroeconomics, and econometrics, with a focus on the computation and estimation of dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models.
Jon Hartley is a Research Assistant at the Hoover Institution and an economics PhD Candidate at Stanford University, where he specializes in finance, labor economics, and macroeconomics. He is also currently a Research Fellow at the Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity (FREOPP) and a Senior Fellow at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute. Jon is also a member of the Canadian Group of Economists, and serves as chair of the Economic Club of Miami.
Jon has previously worked at Goldman Sachs Asset Management as well as in various policy roles at the World Bank, IMF, Committee on Capital Markets Regulation, US Congress Joint Economic Committee, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and the Bank of Canada.
Jon has also been a regular economics contributor for National Review Online, Forbes, and The Huffington Post and has contributed to The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Globe and Mail, National Post, and Toronto Star among other outlets. Jon has also appeared on CNBC, Fox Business, Fox News, Bloomberg, and NBC, and was named to the 2017 Forbes 30 Under 30 Law & Policy list, the 2017 Wharton 40 Under 40 list, and was previously a World Economic Forum Global Shaper.
ABOUT THE SERIES:
Each episode of Capitalism and Freedom in the 21st Century, a video podcast series and the official podcast of the Hoover Economic Policy Working Group, focuses on getting into the weeds of economics, finance, and public policy on important current topics through one-on-one interviews. Host Jon Hartley asks guests about their main ideas and contributions to academic research and policy. The podcast is titled after Milton Friedman‘s famous 1962 bestselling book Capitalism and Freedom, which after 60 years, remains prescient from its focus on various topics which are now at the forefront of economic debates, such as monetary policy and inflation, fiscal policy, occupational licensing, education vouchers, income share agreements, the distribution of income, and negative income taxes, among many other topics.
For more information, visit: capitalismandfreedom.substack.com/
Friday Oct 25, 2024
Friday Oct 25, 2024
Jon Hartley and David Malpass discuss David’s career, and his service in government, including his time as president of the World Bank Group. They also discuss the changing role of China in international finance as well as the IMF and World Bank responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, the global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines, COVID-19 sovereign debt relief (Debt Service Suspension Initiative or DSSI)),and how the early 2020s inflation has impacted developing countries, economic growth, and climate policy.
Recorded on September 20, 2024.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS:
David Malpass served as the 13th president of the World Bank Group. Prior to his appointment at the World Bank, David served as Undersecretary of the US Treasury for international affairs during the Trump administration. Before joining the US Treasury, David founded and led a macroeconomics research firm based in New York City. He has also served as chief economist of Bear Stearns, where conducted financial analyses of countries around the world. Earlier in his career, David served in various roles at the Treasury during the Reagan and George H.W. Bush administrations as well as in the US Senate working on the Budget Committee and Joint Economic Committee.
Jon Hartley is a Research Assistant at the Hoover Institution and an economics PhD Candidate at Stanford University, where he specializes in finance, labor economics, and macroeconomics. He is also currently a Research Fellow at the Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity (FREOPP) and a Senior Fellow at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute. Jon is also a member of the Canadian Group of Economists, and serves as chair of the Economic Club of Miami.
Jon has previously worked at Goldman Sachs Asset Management as well as in various policy roles at the World Bank, IMF, Committee on Capital Markets Regulation, US Congress Joint Economic Committee, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and the Bank of Canada.
Jon has also been a regular economics contributor for National Review Online, Forbes, and The Huffington Post and has contributed to The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Globe and Mail, National Post, and Toronto Star among other outlets. Jon has also appeared on CNBC, Fox Business, Fox News, Bloomberg, and NBC, and was named to the 2017 Forbes 30 Under 30 Law & Policy list, the 2017 Wharton 40 Under 40 list, and was previously a World Economic Forum Global Shaper.
ABOUT THE SERIES:
Each episode of Capitalism and Freedom in the 21st Century, a video podcast series and the official podcast of the Hoover Economic Policy Working Group, focuses on getting into the weeds of economics, finance, and public policy on important current topics through one-on-one interviews. Host Jon Hartley asks guests about their main ideas and contributions to academic research and policy. The podcast is titled after Milton Friedman‘s famous 1962 bestselling book Capitalism and Freedom, which after 60 years, remains prescient from its focus on various topics which are now at the forefront of economic debates, such as monetary policy and inflation, fiscal policy, occupational licensing, education vouchers, income share agreements, the distribution of income, and negative income taxes, among many other topics.
For more information, visit: capitalismandfreedom.substack.com/
Thursday Oct 10, 2024
Thursday Oct 10, 2024
Jon Hartley and Richard Clarida discuss the latter’’s career, academic contributions and government service, including his time as vice chair of the Federal Reserve. Their conversation covers key topics such as inflation in the early 2020s, monetary policy during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the upcoming Federal Reserve monetary policy framework review. They also discuss the legacy of the Fed’s flexible average inflation targeting (FAIT) enacted under Clarida’s leadership, the utility of DSGE models at the Federal Reserve and other central banks around the world, and the early origins of “nowcasting”.
Recorded on September 20, 2024.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS:
Richard Clarida served as vice chairman of the Board of Governors of the US Federal Reserve System from September 2018 to January 2022. Clarida is also the C. Lowell Harriss Professor of Economics and International Affairs at Columbia University. He was assistant secretary of the Treasury for economic policy, serving two secretaries of the Treasury. Clarida is also a managing director of Pacific Investment Management Company’s (PIMCO) New York office and that firm’s global economic advisor. Prior to rejoining PIMCO in 2022, he was the firm's global strategic advisor from 2006 to 2018. Earlier in his career, Clarida was with Credit Suisse and Grossman Asset Management. He holds a PhD and a master's degree in economics from Harvard University. He received an undergraduate degree with Bronze Tablet Honors from the University of Illinois.
Jon Hartley is a Research Assistant at the Hoover Institution and an economics PhD Candidate at Stanford University, where he specializes in finance, labor economics, and macroeconomics. He is also currently a Research Fellow at the Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity (FREOPP) and a Senior Fellow at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute. Jon is also a member of the Canadian Group of Economists, and serves as chair of the Economic Club of Miami.
Jon has previously worked at Goldman Sachs Asset Management as well as in various policy roles at the World Bank, IMF, Committee on Capital Markets Regulation, US Congress Joint Economic Committee, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and the Bank of Canada. Jon has also been a regular economics contributor for National Review Online, Forbes, and The Huffington Post and has contributed to The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Globe and Mail, National Post, and Toronto Star among other outlets. Jon has also appeared on CNBC, Fox Business, Fox News, Bloomberg, and NBC, and was named to the 2017 Forbes 30 Under 30 Law & Policy list, the 2017 Wharton 40 Under 40 list, and was previously a World Economic Forum Global Shaper.
ABOUT THE SERIES:
Each episode of Capitalism and Freedom in the 21st Century, a video podcast series and the official podcast of the Hoover Economic Policy Working Group, focuses on getting into the weeds of economics, finance, and public policy on important current topics through one-on-one interviews. Host Jon Hartley asks guests about their main ideas and contributions to academic research and policy. The podcast is titled after Milton Friedman‘s famous 1962 bestselling book Capitalism and Freedom, which after 60 years, remains prescient from its focus on various topics which are now at the forefront of economic debates, such as monetary policy and inflation, fiscal policy, occupational licensing, education vouchers, income share agreements, the distribution of income, and negative income taxes, among many other topics.
For more information, visit: capitalismandfreedom.substack.com/
Thursday Sep 26, 2024
Thursday Sep 26, 2024
Jon Hartley and Edward Glaeser discuss the latter’s seminal work on urban economics, zoning, land use regulation, and economic growth. They also discuss industrial policy, the important role of human capital and education in economic growth, as well as why crime has rebounded in recent years.
Recorded on August 26, 2024.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS:
Edward L. Glaeser is the Fred and Eleanor Glimp Professor of Economics at Harvard University, where he has taught economic theory and urban economics since 1992. He also leads the Urban Economics Working Group at the National Bureau of Economics Research, co-leads the Cities Programme of the International Growth Centre, and co-edits the Journal of Urban Economics. He has written hundreds of papers on cities, infrastructure and other topics, and has written, co-written and co-edited many books including Triumph of the City, Survival of the City (with David Cutler) and Fighting Poverty in the U.S. and Europe: A World of Difference (with Alberto Alesina).
Ed has served as director of the Taubman Center for State and Local Government and the Rappaport Institute for Greater Boston, editor of the Quarterly Journal of Economics, and chair of Harvard’s Economics Department. He is a fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Academy of Political and Social Science, and the Econometric Society. He received the Albert O. Hirschman prize from the Social Science Research Council. He earned his A.B. from Princeton University in 1988 and his Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Chicago in 1992.
Jon Hartley is a Research Associate at the Hoover Institution and an economics PhD Candidate at Stanford University, where he specializes in finance, labor economics, and macroeconomics. He is also currently a Research Fellow at the Foundation for Research on Equal Opportunity (FREOPP) and a Senior Fellow at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute. Jon is also a member of the Canadian Group of Economists, and serves as chair of the Economic Club of Miami.
Jon has previously worked at Goldman Sachs Asset Management as well as in various policy roles at the World Bank, IMF, Committee on Capital Markets Regulation, US Congress Joint Economic Committee, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and the Bank of Canada.
Jon has also been a regular economics contributor for National Review Online, Forbes, and The Huffington Post and has contributed to The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Globe and Mail, National Post, and Toronto Star among other outlets. Jon has also appeared on CNBC, Fox Business, Fox News, Bloomberg, and NBC, and was named to the 2017 Forbes 30 Under 30 Law & Policy list, the 2017 Wharton 40 Under 40 list, and was previously a World Economic Forum Global Shaper.
ABOUT THE SERIES:
Each episode of Capitalism and Freedom in the 21st Century, a video podcast series and the official podcast of the Hoover Economic Policy Working Group, focuses on getting into the weeds of economics, finance, and public policy on important current topics through one-on-one interviews. Host Jon Hartley asks guests about their main ideas and contributions to academic research and policy. The podcast is titled after Milton Friedman‘s famous 1962 bestselling book Capitalism and Freedom, which after 60 years, remains prescient from its focus on various topics which are now at the forefront of economic debates, such as monetary policy and inflation, fiscal policy, occupational licensing, education vouchers, income share agreements, the distribution of income, and negative income taxes, among many other topics.
For more information, visit: capitalismandfreedom.substack.com/
RELATED RESOURCES:
- Triumph of the City: How Our Greatest Invention Makes Us Richer, Smarter, Greener, Healthier, and Happier by Edward Glaeser
- Survival of the City: The Future of Urban Life In An Age of Isolation by Edward Glaeser and David Cutler